Abstract：Little Women is an autobiographical novel, describing the growing process of four March sisters with different characters. This process reflects the conflict of their growth: to perform traditional female duties or to pursue personal development. Jo March is the central figure of the novel, as well as the most distinctive character in Little Women. On the one hand, Jo challenges the traditional restrictions on women：being blunt and straightforward, not observing rules or following orders docilely, having a passion for writing and a strong sense of independence，which make her eccentric among the four sisters; on the other hand, she also has traditional virtues: being diligent and earnest; attaching to the family, supporting family on her own effort, commiserating and caring for the poor. She observes the Puritan doctrine: loyalty, humiliation, seriousness, honesty, and diligence. In the novel, Jo tried to be a Puritan with traditional virtues and not to give up the pursuit of writing. Eventually, Jo became one of the successful mature women with the combinations of Puritanism and new feminism. In the novel, the author expressed the strong desire to overthrow the patriarchal culture. As the ideal incarnation of Alcott, the unique character of Jo challenged the traditional female role which was defined by patriarchal culture.

Key words: Little Women; Jo; female image; feminism

摘要：《小妇人》是一部自传体小说，描述了马奇家四个性格迥异的女儿的成长过程。这个过程体现了女孩成长中的冲突：履行传统女性职责还是追求个性发展。乔·马奇是《小妇人》的核心人物，也是个性最为鲜明的人物。她挑战传统对女性的限制，她语言率直，不喜欢循规蹈矩，酷爱写作，独立意识强，这使她在姐妹中显得特立独行；同时她又遵守忠诚、谦卑、严肃、诚实、勤勉的清教教义，具有清教徒艰苦努力、乐观务实的传统美德，她眷恋家庭，靠自己的努力支持家庭，同情关爱穷人，热爱劳动。整部小说中，乔努力成为一位有着传统美德的清教女孩却又不放弃对写作事业的追求。最终，她成为一位清教主义和新女性主义成功结合的成熟女性。在小说中，作者表达出其颠覆父权文化的强烈愿望，作为奥尔科特的理想化身，乔的独特性格对父权文化给传统女性所定义的角色提出了挑战。

关键词：《小妇人》；乔；女性形象；女性主义