摘要:为了研究沉水植物对污染水体的净化效果，以金鱼藻、菹藻、狐尾藻3种沉水植物为研究对象，在实验室中，利用原位污水水培法研究了沉水植物对污染水体中氮磷的去除率。试验结果表明，沉水植物对污染水体具有很好的净化效果，可以作为净水植物;其中，菹藻的去氮磷效果最好，金鱼藻、狐尾藻对氮磷的去除效果也非常好;经过7周的试验后，金鱼藻、狐尾藻和菹藻对总磷的去除率分别为76%、81.33%和84%。对总氮的去除率分别为73.68%、68.42%和69.74%;对氨氮的去除率分别为82.89%、81.54%和67.11%。沉水植物对污染水体磷的去除效果比氮好，速度也比较快，可以把这几种沉水植物作为人工湿地的首选植物，本研究可为人工湿地植物选择和降低污染水体营养盐水平提供科学依据。

关键词:沉水植物;总磷;总氮;氨氮；去除率

Abstract: In order to study the effect of aquatic plants in purifying polluted water ,I take Ceratophyllum demersum, Zu, algae, H.3submerged plant as research object, and studied the effects of submerged plant on the pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate in the laboratory . The study shows that, aquatic plants was good in purifying polluted water  ,which can be used as water purification plant. Zu algae is best in removing  nitrogen and phosphorus, and hornwort Myriophyllum spicatum does well in this field as well . After 7 weeks’ test, I found the hornwort removal rate of Myriophyllum Zu, and algae were respectively 76%,81.33% and84%; the nitrogen removal rates were 73.68%,68.42% and69.74%; and the ammonia removal rate were 82.89%,81.54% and67.11%. Aquatic plants does better in removing phosphorous than nitrogen  ,which can be selected to put these kinds in constructed wetland plants . This study provides a scientific basis for artificial wetland plant selection and polluted water reduction .

Key words: submerged plants; total phosphorus; total nitrogen; ammonia nitrogen; removal rate