摘要:中国作为一个农业大国，三农问题一直以来都是一个全局性关乎国家发展、社会主义事业前进的具体问题。我国的新型农村合作医疗制度是由政府组织、引导、支持，农民自愿参加，个人、集体和政府多方筹资，以大病统筹为主的医疗互助共济制度。自 2003 年在全国试点推行以来，新农合工作取得了显著成效。目前已在全国农村地区基本普及。减轻了农村居民的医疗负担，提高了卫生服务利用率。在减少农民“因病致贫”、“因病返贫”现象上起到了非常重要的作用，获得了广大群众的支持和认可。但各地在实施过程中仍存在不少的问题和矛盾，既影响了新型农村合作医疗的实施效果，也影响了这项制度的持续运行和可持续发展。今后，新型农村合作医疗制度的完善和规范，需要从几个方面入手：加强管理机构和管理服务能力建设；扩大筹资渠道,建立长效筹资机制；尽快建立城乡一体的医疗保障制度和管理制度；加强新型农村合作医疗监管，提高管理效率；加快相关立法，确保新型农村医疗保障制度政策的稳定性；加强新农合人力资源建设，重视乡镇卫生院人才培养。本文通过介绍南通市新型农村合作医疗制度的实施现状，对制度本身、医疗服务、农民三方面存在的问题进行分析，并提出相应的解决方案。

关键词 农村合作医疗；财政补助；二次补偿

Abstract:China is a large agricultural country, agriculture, rural areas and farmers issues has always been a global relating to national development, specific issues to advance the cause of socialism. our country's new rural cooperative medical care system is organized by the government, guidance, support and voluntary participation of farmers, individual, collective and multi-government funding, serious co-ordination based medical mutual aid system. Since the pilot implementation of the country in 2003, the new rural cooperative work and made remarkable achievements. It has been basically popularized in rural areas in the country. Reduce the medical burden of rural residents, improve the utilization of health services. Reduce farmers' poverty caused by "due to illness" phenomenon has played a very important role in the support and recognition of the broad masses of the people. Around in the implementation process, there are still problems and contradictions that can not be ignored, not only affects the practical effect of the new rural cooperative medical care, but also affect the continued operation of this system and sustainable development. In the future, the new rural cooperative medical care system and improvement of the need on several fronts: Strengthen regulatory agencies and management services capacity building; expand financing channels, to establish long-term mechanism; established as soon as possible the integration of urban and rural medical security system and management system; strengthen the new rural cooperative medical supervision, improve management efficiency; accelerate the relevant legislation, to ensure that the new rural medical securitythe stability of the system policy; strengthen the construction of new rural cooperative human resources, attention to personnel training of township hospitals. Introduced in Nantong City, the new rural cooperative medical care system of the status of implementation of the system itself, medical services, farmers problems in the analysis and propose appropriate solutions.

Keywords  The rural cooperative medical care  financial subsidy  secondary compensation