摘要:小学教育本科专业自确立以来，在发展的过程中取得了很大的成果，高校培养出来的小学教师的素质也在不断提高，相应的小学教育本科生的专业自主发展也越来越受到教育研究者的关注，但结合相关文献资料研究，在小学教育本科生专业自主发展方面的研究仍相对较少，大部分学者比较关注已经踏上工作岗位的在职教师的专业发展研究。作为小学准教师的小学教育本科生的专业自主发展应该同样受到我们的重视。

　　　研究以徐州地区为例，对小学教育本科生的意识与动力、行为与策略、能力现状、物质保障和精神保障等方面进行调查与访谈，从分析小学教育本科生的专业自主发展现状出发，归纳与总结影响其专业自主发展的相关因素主要有两方面：一是主观因素，主要包括小学教育本科生专业自主发展意识与行为不相一致；小学教育本科生专业自主发展能力相对薄弱；小学教育本科生的职业认同感不高。二是客观因素，主要包括教育模式长期忽视学生主体素质的培养及缺乏有利的专业自主发展环境。研究在总结与分析影响因素的基础上提出了小学教育本科生专业自主发展的培养策略。研究表明，要从根本上促进小学教育本科生的专业自主发展，首先必须唤醒小学教育本科生的专业自主发展意识，以意识为主导，强化自身的主体性认识，其次教育管理者要制定合理的培养计划，并提供良好的学习环境，建立多元评价政策。只有主客观因素相互积极作用，小学教育本科生才能更好的进行专业自主发展。

关键词：小学教育本科生；专业自主发展；现状与对策

Abstract:Since the establishment of the Professional Elementary Education, it has made great achievements during the process of development. The elementary school teachers' quality from Colleges and universities has been improved graduated. The corresponding primary school education undergraduate independent development is becoming more and more concerned by education researchers. But consult the related literature material research, we can see that it has little research of primary school education undergraduate professional self-development. Most of the researchers concern to the in-service teachers' professional development. Primary school education undergraduate students should also be concerned as the quasi-teacher.

　　　It takes Xuzhou area as an example, through investigation and interview the motivation, behavior, and strategy, ability present situation, to ensure the material and spiritual security of primary school education undergraduate. From analysis present situation of primary school education undergraduate professional development , it has two aspects affecting the development of its own expertise. One is the subjective factors, mainly including the self-development consciousness and behavior is not consistent, relatively weak capacity of self-development and low professional identity. The other one is objective factors, including long-term neglect the cultivation of the students' main body quality education pattern and the lack of a good professional independent development environment. Based on the summary and analysis of influence factors, it puts forward strategies of the cultivation of the primary school education undergraduate professional independent development . Research indicates that in order to fundamentally promote the development of primary school education undergraduate professional autonomy, first of all we must awakens the spouse self-development consciousness, Dominated by consciousness to strengthen their own subjectivity. Secondly education managers should formulate reasonable training plan, and provide a good learning environment and establishes evaluation policy. Only mutual positive and objective factors, primary school education undergraduate students can have better professional development independently.

Keywords:  Primary school education undergraduate students   professional development 

independently   present situation and countermeasures